What are Mood Disorders?
Mood disorders are a category of mental health conditions characterized by severe disturbances in a person’s emotional state or mood. These fluctuations in mood can be extreme, persistent, and disruptive to daily life. The two main types of mood disorders include depression (persistent feelings of sadness or low mood) and bipolar disorder (alternating episodes of depression and mania). Mood disorders can affect anyone, from teenagers to adults, and may significantly impact relationships, work, and quality of life.

Mood disorders can also include Cyclothymic Disorder (a milder form of bipolar disorder), Dysthymia (persistent depressive disorder), and Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD), where changes in mood are related to seasons.

What are the signs of Mood Disorders?
Symptoms of mood disorders vary depending on the type but generally include:

1. Depression Symptoms:

   • Persistent feelings of sadness, hopelessness, or emptiness
   • Loss of interest or pleasure in previously enjoyed activities
   • Fatigue, low energy, or feeling physically sluggish
   • Changes in sleep patterns (sleeping too much or too little)
   • Difficulty concentrating, making decisions, or remembering things
   • Weight changes due to altered appetite
   • Feelings of worthlessness or excessive guilt
   • Thoughts of death or suicide

2. Mania (in Bipolar Disorder) Symptoms:

   • Feeling unusually “up,” irritable, or overly energetic for long periods
   • Increased activity levels, restlessness, or extreme talkativeness
   • Racing thoughts and inability to focus
   • Engaging in risky behaviors, such as overspending, reckless driving, or unprotected sex
   • Reduced need for sleep without feeling tired
   • Overly inflated self-esteem or feelings of invincibility

3. Mood Swings:
   Individuals with mood disorders, especially those with bipolar disorder, may experience extreme swings from high energy and happiness (mania) to deep sadness (depression). These shifts can be disruptive and exhausting, affecting daily functioning and personal relationships.

How are Mood Disorders diagnosed?
Diagnosing mood disorders requires a thorough evaluation by a mental health professional. At Angels Mental Health, we offer comprehensive assessments to identify the specific type of mood disorder and develop a personalized treatment plan.

1. Clinical Interview:
   A mental health professional will conduct an in-depth interview to understand the patient’s emotional experiences, symptoms, and personal history. This includes exploring the frequency, duration, and intensity of mood fluctuations, as well as any triggers or patterns.

2. Medical History and Co-occurring Conditions:
   A review of the patient’s medical history and any other mental health conditions (such as anxiety or substance abuse) is critical in making an accurate diagnosis. It’s also essential to rule out any medical issues that could be contributing to mood symptoms.

3. DSM-5 Criteria:
   The diagnosis of mood disorders follows criteria established in the DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders). The professional will look for specific patterns of mood instability that meet the diagnostic standards for disorders like depression, bipolar disorder, or dysthymia.

4. Mood Tracking and Self-Reporting:
   In some cases, patients may be asked to track their moods and behaviors over time. This helps in identifying patterns that are important for accurate diagnosis and treatment planning.

How are Mood Disorders treated?
Treatment for mood disorders varies depending on the type and severity of symptoms. At Angels Mental Health, we offer a combination of therapies tailored to the individual’s needs, providing comprehensive care for managing mood disorders.

1. Psychotherapy:

   • Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): CBT is a widely used, evidence-based therapy that helps individuals identify and change negative thought patterns and behaviors. It’s particularly effective for treating both depression and the depressive episodes of bipolar disorder.
   • Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT): DBT is a form of therapy that helps people with mood disorders, especially those experiencing intense emotional instability, by teaching skills for regulating emotions, tolerating distress, and improving interpersonal relationships.
   • Interpersonal Therapy (IPT): This therapy focuses on improving relationships and communication, as interpersonal stressors are often key triggers for mood episodes.

2. Medication:

   • Antidepressants: These medications can be effective for treating depression and other mood disorders. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) are commonly prescribed to help regulate mood.
   • Mood Stabilizers: For bipolar disorder, mood stabilizers such as lithium and anticonvulsant medications help reduce the frequency and severity of manic and depressive episodes.
   • Antipsychotics: In some cases, especially in severe manic or mixed episodes, antipsychotic medications may be prescribed to help stabilize mood and reduce extreme behaviors.

3. Lifestyle Changes and Self-Care:
   In addition to therapy and medication, lifestyle changes play an important role in managing mood disorders. These include regular exercise, maintaining a healthy sleep routine, avoiding alcohol and drugs, and practicing stress-reduction techniques such as mindfulness and relaxation exercises.

4. Family Therapy and Support:
   Since mood disorders can impact relationships, involving family members in therapy can be helpful. Family therapy helps educate loved ones about the disorder, improves communication, and provides strategies for offering support.

5. Telehealth Services:
   For individuals who prefer remote care, our telehealth services provide flexible, accessible mental health support. Patients can receive therapy and consultations from the comfort of their home, ensuring continuous care regardless of location.

At Angels Mental Health, we are dedicated to helping individuals manage their mood disorders and regain control over their emotional well-being. Our holistic treatment approach is designed to provide lasting relief, helping clients build resilience, restore balance, and improve their quality of life.